The rear is built into the slim, detachable battery that powers both lights and the front is a retro-styled 20 lux unit. I’m not sure why all powered bikes don’t come with some form of built-in illumination, so I’m glad to say that the E-Spillo ships with front and rear lights. The rear light is integrated into the battery pack, which neatly slides into the rack. There’s also a walk assist mode to help push the bike along if needed. To that end, the E5000 motor offers three power options with varying levels of grunt up to 250 watts and 40Nm of torque: Eco will deliver 40 per cent of your effort, Normal will match you and Turbo gives 200 per cent. With an ebike, of course, weight is somewhat moot because you’ve probably bought the E-Spillo Luxury so that you don’t have to worry so much about the bike’s (or your) mass. The total weight puts it in the ballpark of the best electric hybrid bikes, such as those in Specialized’s non-SL Turbo Vado range. The removable third-party battery itself weighs 2.7kg and the Shimano Steps E5000 mid-mounted drive unit around 2.4kg. With the battery, it weighs in at 21.65kg. The bike is available in 47cm and 53cm sizes and I tested the larger of the two. The E-Spillo’s traditional-looking frameset is aluminium – standard 6061 if you’re interested – while the fork is steel. Sergei Nedospasov (Deutchse-Rheuma Forschungzsentrum, Germany).The Luxury on test – also available in a women’s-specific version – trades up Shimano’s mid-mounted Steps E5000 with a slim 418Wh battery under the rear rack for a maximum claimed range of 120km. Stefan Magez (University of Vrije University, Belgium) Valerie Quesniaux (Institute Transgenose, CNRS, France)ĭon Mark Estes (University of Georgia, USA) Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicineīerhard Ryffel (Institute Transgenose, CNRS) Room S1.09, level 1, Wernher & Beit South The C-type lectin receptor CLECSF8/CLEC4D is a key component of anti-mycobacterial immunity. Wilson, G.J., Marakalala, M.J., Hoving, J.C., Van Laarhoven, A., Drummond, R.A., Kerscher, B., Keeton, R., Van De Vosse, E., Ottenhoff, T.H.M., Plantinga, T.S., Alisjahbana, B., Govender, D., Besra, G.S., Netea, M.G., Reid, D.M., Willment, J.A., Jacobs, M., Yamasaki, S., Van Crevel, R., Brown, G.D. (2015) Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 9 MAY, 14. Microglia are crucial regulators of neuro-immunity during central nervous system tuberculosis. TNF-dependent regulation and activation of innate immune cells are essential for host protection against cerebral tuberculosis. (2015) Immunology and Cell Biology 93(9):789-795.įrancisco, N.M., Hsu, N.-J., Keeton, R., Randall, P., Sebesho, B., Allie, N., Govender, D., Quesniaux, V., Ryffel, B., Kellaway, L., Jacobs, M. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the 'non-classical immune cell'. Randall, P.J., Hsu, N.-J., Quesniaux, V., Ryffel, B., Jacobs, M. Innate myeloid cell TNFR1 mediates first line defence against primary Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Segueni, N., Benmerzoug, S., Rose, S., Gauthier, A., Bourigault, M.-L., Reverchon, F., Philippeau, A., Erard, F., Le Bert, M., Bouscayrol, H., Wachter, T., Garcia, I., Kollias, G., Jacobs, M., Ryffel, B., Quesniaux, V.F.J. TNFR1 and TNFR2 in protective immunity against M.Research projects include investigating immune responses during pulmonary tuberculosis and central nervous system tuberculosis, and investigating efficacy of anti-mycobacterial lead compounds and drug delivery systems. The group has significant skills and expertise in the application of in vitro cell culture and in vivo murine experimental models of tuberculosis, making extensive use of genetically modified mouse strains in which loss or gain of function studies can be performed. Research areas of interest include understanding basic mechanisms of host immune function against tuberculosis and the evaluation of anti-tuberculosis therapy and therapeutic approaches. The Experimental Tuberculosis and Immunology Research Group forms part of the Division of Immunology, which is jointly affiliated to the University of Cape Town and the National Health Laboratory Service. Selected publications | Contact details | Group members | Collaborationsįull Member, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine & Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UCT NHLS Medical Scientist.
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